Andalusite is an anhydrous aluminum silicate mineral. It has the same chemical composition as kyanite and sillimanite , but its structure is different and belongs to the kyanite family mineral. It is a new type of high-grade refractory, silicon-aluminum alloy is excellent raw materials and technical ceramics. In China, it is a non-metallic mineral that is being developed and utilized, and flotation is one of the main beneficiation methods for fine-grained andalusite.
The paper is based on the crystal structure difference between andalusite and its associated minerals (mainly quartz and biotite ), through crystal structure analysis, quantum chemical calculation, combined mineral surface zeta potential measurement, photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, drug adsorption Various methods such as determination and flotation test systematically studied the relationship between the crystal structure, surface properties and flotation behavior of andalusite and its associated minerals, and studied the andalusite in different types of flotation reagent systems. The flotation behavior of associated minerals and the mechanism of action of flotation agents on the surface of andalusite and its associated minerals. The research content and results are as follows:
1. The crystal structure and surface properties of andalusite and its associated minerals mainly have the following differences. When the mineral is broken, the surface of the andalusite is mainly distinguished from quartz and biotite. There are a large number of uncompensated on the surface of the andalusite crystal. Aluminum ions, this situation makes it possible to use an anionic collector for the selective flotation of andalusite.
2. The use of anion collector flotation system sodium dodecyl sulfonate is susceptible to charge-controlled chemical interaction with aluminum ions, and is not easy to interact with silicon ions on the mineral surface. Therefore, sodium dodecyl sulfate is easily adsorbed on the surface of andalusite and is not easily adsorbed on the surface of quartz and biotite. The research proposed a red floc ore flotation process. The process uses sodium petroleum sulfonate as a collector and starch as an inhibitor. Under acidic pulp conditions (pH=3~4), three times of rough selection three open-circuit flotation processes are carried out, and the flotation concentrate is carried out. Strong magnetic separation, finally obtained a yield of 20.31%, Al2O3 grade of 56.53%, andalusite grade of 93.79%, and andalusite recovery rate of 65.73% of qualified andalusite concentrate. Studies have shown that sodium dodecyl sulfonate is used as a collector and starch is used as an inhibitor. Under acidic conditions, starch has a strong inhibitory effect on quartz and biotite activated by metal ions. The basic function of starch is Deactivation, the reason for its deactivation is the substitution and formation of compounds with metal ions.
3. Using the cationic collector flotation system In the cationic collector flotation system, the difference in the surface charge of the mineral is the main reason for the difference in the floatability between andalusite and its associated mineral quartz and biotite. Taking dodecylamine as the collector, under the condition of the natural pH value of the pulp (about 7), the roughing and five-sweeping open-floating flotation process was carried out, and the final yield was 36.20%, and the Al2O3 grade was 48.33. %, the grade of andalusite is 73.48%, and the recovery rate of andalusite is 61.50%. The quality of concentrate is less than the standard of grade II.
4. Results of the mechanism of collector and mineral surface mechanism In this paper, the mechanism of sodium dodecyl sulfate and andalusite was studied from the microscopic point of view by quantum chemical calculation method. The conclusion is drawn that: dodecylsulfonate ion and After the Al atoms at different positions on the andalusite are combined, the total energy of the system is reduced. The dodecylsulfonate ion can be chemisorbed on the surface of the andalusite. The electrons flow from the Al atom on the surface of the andalusite to the dodecylsulfonate. O atom on the ion.
The surface electrical properties, flotation desorption test and infrared spectroscopy were used to systematically study the interaction mechanism between sodium dodecyl sulfate and andalusite and its associated minerals. The following conclusions were drawn through research: for red The anion collector flotation system of the columnite ore, sodium dodecyl sulfonate is mainly adsorbed on the mineral surface by the dodecyl sulfonate ion at pH between 3 and 4, and there is a dodecyl group. The sulfonate ion directly interacts with the aluminum ion by ionic bond. The sulfonate collector is fixed on the surface of the andalusite. The physical and chemical adsorptions coexist; the sulfonate is on the quartz and on the surface of the biotite. The sorption is the physical adsorption by the association of Coulomb force and carbonoxy; the low physical adsorption strength of the sulfonate collector on the andalusite-associated minerals determines the efficiency of the selection operation.
Summarizing the results of quantum chemistry calculation and the results of adsorption products, it can be concluded that sodium dodecyl sulfonate is mainly adsorbed on the surface of andalusite minerals in the form of dodecyl sulfonate ions at pH between 3 and 4. The alkyl sulfonate ion directly reacts with the aluminum ion by ionic bond interaction. In addition, the number of surface adsorption points determines the difference in floatability of the three minerals of andalusite, quartz and biotite.
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