Reporter: Please analyze the demand for drying equipment in China in the next 5-10 years. What are the industry's technological level improvements?
Niu Xinghe: In the long run, the proportion of dried grain machinery in developed countries is very high, such as Japan reaching 92% (rice), the United States reaching 75% (corn), and China's still less than 10%, with huge development potential. If the mechanical drying ratio reaches 30%, at least 8000-10,000 sets of drying equipment are needed.
In recent years, there has been a change in the system of grain purchases and sales and the relationship between supply and demand. In addition to the promotion of mechanized harvesting operations, the number of high-moisture foods is increasing, and some traditional non-high-moisture food production areas have also become high-moisture food production areas. The grain moisture harvest in high-moisture grain-producing areas has also increased, further expanding the demand for drying equipment. This is the case in North China and Central China, where the precipitation rate of dry equipment selected for use in these areas is generally small, and the technical difficulty is also low.
Due to the rapid development of the oil processing industry, the supply of oil crops has fallen short of demand. China has an annual output of more than 10 million tons of rapeseed, of which 70%-80% have high moisture content after harvest and need to use mechanical drying; the annual output of soybean is 151-1700 tons and imports are 20 million tons. In the past, domestic soybeans mainly depended on drying and imported soybeans. There has also been a return to the tide. In recent years, many grain companies have called for the development of mechanical drying of soybeans.
According to the current state of the art, the service life of grain dryers is 8-12 years. In the northeastern region, grain drying equipment that was built using loans from the World Bank in 1995 has entered a period of replacement; the grain drying equipment that began to use Treasury bond funds in 1998 will also be gradually “retired†during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period. Even at an annual renewal rate of 7%, the annual demand for large-scale grain drying equipment in the Northeast can reach 70 sets (calculated at a processing volume of 300 tons/day).
To improve the technological level of the grain drying equipment industry, the following aspects of research and development should be intensified: First, the key basic research and soft science research. Including food temperature field, drying medium temperature field test research; corn, rice, soybean and other crop crack formation mechanism and control technology research; grain drying advanced standard research; China's grain drying facilities reasonable layout research. Second, the improvement and optimization of drying equipment. Among them, the dryer structure and process improvement and optimization; drying ventilation technology research (including the optimization of the warehouse drying technology); drying slow cooling technology research; oil crop drying technology and equipment development. Third, research and development of new drying and supporting equipment. Such as low temperature, vacuum dryer industrial development and demonstration; improve the combustion efficiency of coal-fired hot blast stove and heat transfer technology research; new energy heating equipment development; dryer special dust removal equipment research and development. Fourth, research and development of automatic monitoring technology for drying systems. Including the research and development of on-line moisture detection and control technology; research and development of the dryer fire monitoring and alarm technology; research and development of the dryer intelligent control system. Fifth, the drying technology has been extended. Such as research and development of low-breaking corn threshing technology; research on the quality of corn varieties and drying, and the correlation between drying quality and grain processing performance, etc.
Niu Xinghe: In the long run, the proportion of dried grain machinery in developed countries is very high, such as Japan reaching 92% (rice), the United States reaching 75% (corn), and China's still less than 10%, with huge development potential. If the mechanical drying ratio reaches 30%, at least 8000-10,000 sets of drying equipment are needed.
In recent years, there has been a change in the system of grain purchases and sales and the relationship between supply and demand. In addition to the promotion of mechanized harvesting operations, the number of high-moisture foods is increasing, and some traditional non-high-moisture food production areas have also become high-moisture food production areas. The grain moisture harvest in high-moisture grain-producing areas has also increased, further expanding the demand for drying equipment. This is the case in North China and Central China, where the precipitation rate of dry equipment selected for use in these areas is generally small, and the technical difficulty is also low.
Due to the rapid development of the oil processing industry, the supply of oil crops has fallen short of demand. China has an annual output of more than 10 million tons of rapeseed, of which 70%-80% have high moisture content after harvest and need to use mechanical drying; the annual output of soybean is 151-1700 tons and imports are 20 million tons. In the past, domestic soybeans mainly depended on drying and imported soybeans. There has also been a return to the tide. In recent years, many grain companies have called for the development of mechanical drying of soybeans.
According to the current state of the art, the service life of grain dryers is 8-12 years. In the northeastern region, grain drying equipment that was built using loans from the World Bank in 1995 has entered a period of replacement; the grain drying equipment that began to use Treasury bond funds in 1998 will also be gradually “retired†during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period. Even at an annual renewal rate of 7%, the annual demand for large-scale grain drying equipment in the Northeast can reach 70 sets (calculated at a processing volume of 300 tons/day).
To improve the technological level of the grain drying equipment industry, the following aspects of research and development should be intensified: First, the key basic research and soft science research. Including food temperature field, drying medium temperature field test research; corn, rice, soybean and other crop crack formation mechanism and control technology research; grain drying advanced standard research; China's grain drying facilities reasonable layout research. Second, the improvement and optimization of drying equipment. Among them, the dryer structure and process improvement and optimization; drying ventilation technology research (including the optimization of the warehouse drying technology); drying slow cooling technology research; oil crop drying technology and equipment development. Third, research and development of new drying and supporting equipment. Such as low temperature, vacuum dryer industrial development and demonstration; improve the combustion efficiency of coal-fired hot blast stove and heat transfer technology research; new energy heating equipment development; dryer special dust removal equipment research and development. Fourth, research and development of automatic monitoring technology for drying systems. Including the research and development of on-line moisture detection and control technology; research and development of the dryer fire monitoring and alarm technology; research and development of the dryer intelligent control system. Fifth, the drying technology has been extended. Such as research and development of low-breaking corn threshing technology; research on the quality of corn varieties and drying, and the correlation between drying quality and grain processing performance, etc.
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