First, numbering rules and major performance parameters
1. Numbering rules
In the transmission number "HW13710C", "HW" is the brand of the transmission, "13" is 1% of the transmission torque (1/10 when less than 3 digits), and "7" is the serial number of the transmission (heavy transmission series) “10†is the number of forward gears of the transmission, and “C†means there is an overdrive.
2. Main performance parameters The main performance parameters of the HW13710 transmission are shown in Fig. 1.
Second, the structural characteristics of the transmission
The HW13710 transmission consists of a two-stage structure of the main tank and the sub tank, as shown in 1. The main box has 5 forward gears, the secondary box has 2 high gears and 2 low gears. The main and auxiliary boxes together form a transmission with 10 forward gears and 2 reverse gears. The structure of each part is now described as follows.
1. Main and secondary boxes
The main box and the auxiliary box of the HW13710 transmission adopt the double intermediate shaft structure, and the two intermediate shafts are 180° apart. After the power is input from the input shaft, it is split into two intermediate shafts, which are then collected in the main shaft. The power is then diverted to the two intermediate shafts of the sub-tank, and finally is output to the output shaft of the sub-tank.
Theoretically speaking, each intermediate shaft only transmits 1/2 of the torque, so the use of dual intermediate shafts can reduce the center distance and gear thickness of the transmission, thereby shortening the axial length of the entire transmission and reducing the quality of the transmission.
Because the gears on the main shaft are floating on the main shaft, conventional needle roller bearings are eliminated, making the structure of the main shaft assembly simpler. When the transmission is in operation, the two countershaft gears exert equal and opposite radial forces on the mainshaft gear. That is, the mainshaft only bears the torque and does not bear the bending moment, thus improving the stress conditions of the mainshaft and the bearings, and greatly improving the transmission. The use of reliability and longevity.
2. "Tooth" and Tooth Procedures
In order to properly mesh the twin countershaft gears with the mainshaft gear, "toothing" must be performed. The so-called "tooth" means that when the transmission is assembled, the gear teeth on which the two countershaft transmission gears are printed are respectively inserted into the teeth of the two sets of gear teeth marked on the input shaft gear, as shown.
The procedure for “toothing†is as follows: 1 First mark any two adjacent teeth on the input gear of the main box, and then mark the two adjacent teeth on the other side of its symmetry (the number of teeth between the two sets of marks). Should be equal); 2 in each countershaft drive gear and the gear keyway on the tooth marked with a mark, in order to facilitate identification; 3 assembly, the two countershaft drive gear marked teeth are respectively engaged in the main box The left and right of the input shaft gear are marked with two teeth.
3. Gear shift mechanism
There is no synchronizer in the main box of the HW13710 transmission, and shifting is performed by sliding the sleeve. The output shaft slide sleeve of the main box is sleeved on the output shaft of the main box through the involute spline. The sliding sleeve is moved to mesh the engagement teeth (outer spline) of the slide sleeve with the internal splines of the gears of the main shaft to transmit power. The gear teeth of the gears of the sliding sleeve and main shaft have the same size cone angle (α=35°). Since the gears of the main box output shaft are in floating state, the two cones can play a certain role when shifting gears. Automatic centering and synchronization, as shown in 3.
4. Control mechanism
The HW13710 transmission is a remotely operated type with double lever double H control. The main box is manually operated and the sub box is gas operated. The shift gear position and shift lever position are shown in Figs.
When the shift lever preselected valve switch is in the "L" position, 1,2,3,4,5,R1 gear can be hung; when the shift handle preselector valve switch is in the "H" position, can hang 6,7,8 9,10,R2 files.
5. Air control system
The gas source of the air control system is two lines of 0.7 to 0.8 MPa compressed air from the vehicle. The air circuit diagram of the operating mechanism is as shown. When the shift lever switch valve is in the “L†position, the compressed air from the entire vehicle source passes through the “S†port of the shift handle to the “P†port, and then enters the “4†port of the cylinder of the lock valve; at the same time, another All the way to the compressed air source of compressed air from the "1" into the double H valve, through the "2" of the dual H valve into the lower gear of the transmission range gear cylinder, the sub-box is switched to low (cylinder for normal ventilation). When the shift lever switch valve is at "H"
In the position, there is no compressed air in the lock valve cylinder “4†port, compressed air enters the double H valve through the “1†port, and the “3†port of the double H valve enters the upper port of the transmission range gear cylinder. For high-grade (cylinder for normal ventilation). Note: The shift handle high and low shift only work in neutral.
6. Power take-off mechanism
The HW13710 transmission takes power after the lengthened intermediate shaft of the auxiliary box is realized. In order to achieve parking power, the transmission deputy box must be hung in the neutral position. However, since the sub-tank is gas-operated and there is no neutral position, in order to solve this problem, the sub-tank range gear cylinder head must be removed to install a gap. Position cylinder, as shown in 7.
When taking power from parking, first place the transmission lever in the neutral position of the low gear area, press the power switch and the neutral switch, and then shift the transmission lever to the required gear in the low gear area. At this time, the power take-off is at Working status. When taking power, the transmission joystick is placed in the neutral position of the low gear area. After the power switch is pressed, the transmission lever is set to the required gear position in the low gear area. At this time, the power take-off is in the working state.
Third, common faults to determine and eliminate
The judgment and elimination of the common faults of the HW13710 transmission are shown in Fig. 2.
Fourth, the use of maintenance and precautions
1. Use and Maintenance The transmission should be used properly and reasonably, and it should be regularly maintained. This is very important for ensuring the safe and reliable driving of the vehicle and prolonging the life of the transmission.
1 Lubricant: The transmission must be filled with 85W/90GL-4 or 85W/90GL-5 vehicle gear oil. In order to prevent the chemical reaction of different types of lubricants, the same type of lubricant should be used when supplementing the lubricant.
2 The amount of oil injected: The amount of oil injected is about 16L. It should be ensured that the oil level is flush with the oil filling port. Check the oil filling port on the side of the housing and add oil to the port to start spilling oil.
3 Oil level: The oil level should be regularly checked. When checking, the car should be parked on a level road. Because the volume of hot oil will expand, it cannot be checked immediately after the vehicle is running. It should be performed after the oil level is stable and the oil is cooled. .
4 oil change cycle: the new transmission 2000 ~ 5000km must replace the lubricant, then every 5000km should check the oil level and leakage, and at any time to add.
For road vehicles with good driving conditions, it is recommended to replace the lubricant every 50000km; for off-highway vehicles with poor driving conditions, it is recommended to replace the lubricant every 20000km. When replacing the lubricating oil, the original lubricating oil in the transmission should be cleaned first, and the filter assembly should be cleaned.
5 Operating temperature: The maximum temperature of the transmission during continuous operation shall not exceed 120°C, and the minimum temperature shall not be lower than -40°C. If the operating temperature exceeds 120°C, the lubricant will decompose and the service life of the transmission will be shortened.
6 Working inclination angle (delivery angle of the transmission on the chassis + slope angle): When the transmission is working, if its inclination angle exceeds 12°, lubrication may be insufficient.
7 Towing or taxiing: When the transmission is in operation, the shaft and gears of the transmission are constantly rotating, which can provide sufficient lubrication for the transmission. However, when the vehicle is towed while the rear wheels are on the ground and the powertrain is connected, the countershaft gears and the mainshaft gears in the main box do not rotate, which will cause serious damage to the transmission due to lack of lubrication. In order to prevent this kind of phenomenon from happening, it is forbidden to depress the clutch pedal to make the vehicle slide freely; when the vehicle needs towing, the axle can be pulled out or the drive shaft can be disengaged, and the drive wheel can also be dragged off the ground.
2. Precautions
1 When shifting, the clutch must be completely separated and the shift lever should be in gear.
2 When the vehicle is engaged in the low gear (crawling gear) or reverse gear, it should be stopped and then transferred to the gear so as not to damage the internal parts of the transmission. When you hang a reverse gear, you need to use a larger force to overcome the reverse lock resistance.
3 When the transmission shifts from the low range to the high range (or vice versa), do not skip the gear, otherwise it will affect the service life of the sub-box synchronizer.
4 When the vehicle is going downhill, it is prohibited to change the high and low gear zones.
5 Start with 1st or 2nd gear depending on road conditions.
6 Before starting the vehicle, the brake should be released.
The vehicle adopting the air-braked brake must wait until the air pressure rises to the pressure needed to release the brake after the brake valve is connected.
7 If it is found that the transmission has abnormal noises and the operation is obviously heavy, etc. during use, it is necessary to immediately stop the inspection and continue to drive after troubleshooting.
8 If the gear cannot be engaged during shifting, check the range cylinder and its air path to ensure that the sub tank enters the gear.
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