For iron-containing multi-sphalerite metal sulfide ore flotation, generally there are three alternative process structure, i.e. flotation, flotation and the like can float process.
The essence of iron sphalerite flotation is the separation of iron sphalerite from pyrite or pyrrhotite. However, in actual production, it is necessary to decide which process to take based on the specific ore properties. The fine-grained zinc minerals cannot be recovered and lost to the tailings; the increase of the amount of collectors is strong, and some of the highly floatable pyrites are floating, causing the malignancy of pyrite in the zinc circuit. The cycle affects the separation of zinc and sulfur; moreover, the full priority flotation process can only be used in acidic media and cannot recover sulfur in alkaline media.
A lead-zinc ore Northwest 4.03% lead, 7.45% zinc, 19.30% sulfur, zinc sphalerite minerals iron, wherein iron 8.4% ~ 26.2% (mean 11.3%). The zinc-sulfur preferential flotation and zinc-sulfur mixed flotation process were used to compare the separation of iron sphalerite and iron sulfide minerals. It was found that the zinc beneficiation index obtained by preferential flotation was superior to the mixed flotation index.
The floatability of iron sphalerite has a great relationship with its particle size. The iron sphalerite is too coarse or too fine in particle size, and its floatability is very poor.
The iron sphalerite particle size is too thick, mainly in the following three aspects.
(1) Cause the loss of zinc and indium , and also make the zinc-sulfur mixed use abnormal operation with low concentration and large dose. Most of the excess xanthate and No. 2 oil used in the mixed selection enter the zinc-sulfur separation operation with the foam. The separation foam is quite sticky, which causes the difference in flotation performance between the iron sphalerite and the pyrrhotite to be destroyed, which makes it difficult to separate the zinc and sulfur. The gangue mineral is also contaminated by the foam and enters the zinc concentrate. .
(2) Due to the close proximity of the density of the sulfide ore to the cassiterite , the coarse-grained sulfide ore is mixed with the fine-grained sillimanite after the subsequent re-election operation, which makes the shaker unclear and cannot intercept the cassiterite concentrate. The recovery rate of cassiterite. Dulong's cassiterite recovery rate is less than 40%.
(3) The coarse particles are easy to precipitate and accumulate in the flotation tank, so that the flotation operation cannot be performed normally, or even the motor is burned out, so the water quantity and the flotation concentration have to be increased, which in turn leads to production costs such as dosage and water volume. A substantial increase.
At present, the spiral classifiers used in many concentrating plants cannot meet the requirements of grading of polymetallic sulphide ore. Because the spiral classifier is mainly classified by density, the particle size is a relatively minor factor, and the sulphide ore is mostly heavy mineral, which is difficult to spiral. The classifiers are graded according to their respective particle sizes. The yield of greater than 0.25 mm in the overflow of the large-scale spiral classifier accounted for 15.68%, and the yield of less than 0.25 mm in the sand accounted for 61.37%, resulting in under-grinding and over-grinding of the sulfide ore. Therefore, it is very important to use high-efficiency grading equipment such as high-frequency fine screen to improve classification efficiency.
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